Day 2

The Roman Republic


      I.        The Origins of Rome
·     Rome’s Geography- built on seven rolling hills at a curve on the Tiber River; Midway between the Alps and Italy’s Southern tip. 
1.    The First Romans
     II.        The Early Republic 
·     Republic- a form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders.
1.    Patricians and Plebeians 
·     Patricians- wealthy landowners who held most of the power.
·     Plebeians- the common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up the majority of the population.
·     Tribunes- representatives elected by the plebeians to protect their rights from unfair acts of the patrician officials. 
2.    Twelve Tables
·     The Twelve Tables established the idea that all free citizens had a right to the protection of the law.
3.    Government under the Republic
·     Consuls- the two officials of Rome.
·     Senate- the aristocratic branch of Rome’s government. 
·     Dictator- a leader who had absolute power to make laws and command the army. 
4.    The Roman Army
·     Legions- Roman soldiers organized into large military units. 
   III.        Rome Spreads its Power
1.    Rome conquers Italy
2.    Rome’s Commercial Network 
3.    War with Carthage 
·     Punic Wars- the wars between Rome and Carthage.
·     Hannibal- Mastermind behind the war was a 29-year-old Carthaginian general. 

4.    Rome Triumphs 

1.Republic- a form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders.
Patricians- wealthy landowners who held most of the power.
Plebeians- the common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up the majority of the population
Tribunes- representatives elected by the plebeians to protect their rights from unfair acts of the patrician officials
Consuls- the two officials of Rome
Senate- the aristocratic branch of Rome’s government. 
      Dictator- a leader who had absolute power to make laws and command the army. 
      Legions- Roman soldiers organized into large military units. 
Punic Wars- the wars between Rome and Carthage.
Hannibal- Mastermind behind the war was a 29-year-old Carthaginian general. 


3. A consul’s term was only one year long; the same person could not be elected consul again for another ten years. 

4.  The twelve tables established the idea that all free citizens had a right to the protection of the law. 

5. He led his army on a long trek from Spain across France and through the Alps to surprise Rome. 

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